Vitamins
From ChildWiki.com
Vitamins are substances the body needs to grow and develop properly. There are 13 vitamins that the human body needs to function. These are A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins that consist of thiamin, niacin, biotin, folate, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, B-6, and B-12. People can usually get enough vitamins from the food they eat, and the human body can also make vitamin D and vitamin K. Vegetarians and vegans may need to take a B-12 supplement. When the body does not get enough of a certain vitamin, it may develop a deficiency disease. Too much of some vitamins can make people sick.
Vitamin A is especially important for the eyes, and also helps regulate the immune system. It helps the body fight infection and build healthy mucous membranes to protect the body against bacteria. Vitamin A can be found in eggs, liver, whole milk, carrots, cantaloupe, sweet potatoes, and spinach.
Vitamin C helps maintain healthy teeth and gums. It also helps the body heal itself and absorb iron. Vitamin C can be found in fresh, raw fruits and vegetables. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and people recovering from surgery or fever need extra vitamin C.
Vitamin D is crucial for calcium absorption, and helps the body build strong, healthy bones. The human body can make vitamin D just by being exposed to the sun. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends infants be given a vitamin D supplement daily. 30 minutes in the midday sun twice a week on skin without sunscreen will allow the body to make sufficient vitamin D in most cases.
Vitamin E has excellent antioxidant properties and also helps the immune system. It can be found in nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, and green leafy vegetables. Vitamin K is very important for blood clotting. It is produced by bacteria in the intestines in most people.
Vitamin B-6 helps the body make hemoglobin and maintain blood sugar. It is found in beans, meat, poultry, and fish. B-12 is important for red blood cell production and is found in meat, eggs, and dairy products.
Parents who believe their child is not getting all the vitamins they need should consult with a pediatrician about vitamin supplements. Pregnant women should ask their doctor about prenatal vitamins.
